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Native people in Brazil and Latin America have a difficult relation to the national states of the region. They are both part and not a part of each nation; they live in a borderland between citizenship and destitution. National limits sometimes separate native communities from their relatives across the border. Several native peoples (like the Mapuche in Chile and Argentina or the Yanomami in Brazil and Venezuela) live in a borderland beyond national limits. Inside nation states, the demarcation of exclusive areas for indigenous peoples to live in is a major political conflict, as has been happening in Brazil, especially under the explicitly anti-indigenous policies of the Bolsonaro government.
In the first week of this course, we will review some theories about nationality and the formation of borders, as well as studying how the Constitutions of some Latin American countries deal with indigenous peoples. Authors read will include Friedrich Engels, Pierre Clastres, Jacques Derrida and Ailton Krenak. In the second week, we will discuss art works and films produced by indigenous peoples in Brazil and Latin America that touch on the questions of nationality and borders, including works by contemporary Brazilian artists Jaider Esbell, Denilson Baniwa and Célia Tupinambá. |
